Category: Abstracts

You can find the whole article on the server biorxiv.org;
13.11.2020.

Abstract

The unprecedented coronavirus disease pandemic of 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the second severe acute respiratory syndrome virus (SARS-CoV-2) poses a serious threat to public health worldwide. There is an urgent need to develop effective therapies against SARS-CoV-2. We evaluated the antiviral activity of the original remdesivirus nucleotide analog, GS441524, which targets the enzyme RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, and the protease inhibitor GC376, which targets the protease SARS-CoV 2 in infected mice. Our results showed that GS441524 effectively blocked SARS-CoV-2 proliferation (multiplication) in the upper and lower airways with combined intranasal (in) and intramuscular (im) therapy. The efficacy of the high dose of GC376 (im or in and im) was weaker than GS441524. However, it is noteworthy that the combined administration of GS441524 together with GC376 at low doses could effectively protect mice from SARS-CoV-2 infection during in or in and their treatment. We further found that the pharmacokinetic properties of GS441524 were superior to GC376, and the combined application of GC376 and GS441524 had a synergistic effect. Our findings will be used to further evaluate the combined application of GC376 and GS441524 in future clinical trials.

Complete original article on portal of the US National Center for Biotechnology Information; 17.11.2020

Abstract

Feline coronavirus (FCoV) can cause a fatal disease - feline infectious peritonitis. Cats that permanently shed this virus are the most important sources of infection. The role of the host in faecal excretion of FCoV is unknown. The aim of this study was to identify gene markers and test their association with FCoV secretion patterns. Fecal samples were taken from 57 cats of 12 breeds at baseline and then at 2, 4 and 12 months. Variations from persistent and / or high intensity excretion to no excretion were observed. Thirteen immune-related genes were selected as functional and positional / functional candidates. Positional candidates were selected in the candidate area detected by GWAS analysis. Tens to hundreds of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) per gene have been identified by next generation sequencing. Associations with different phenotypes were evaluated by chi-square tests and Fisher's exact tests. SNP of one functional and one position candidate (NCR1 and SLX4IP ) and haplotypes of four genes ( SNX5 , NCR2 , SLX4IP , NCR1 ) were associated with FCoV excretion at p _cor<0.01. Highly significant associations have been observed in extreme phenotypes (persistent / high-intensity secretors and non-excretors), suggesting that there are two major phenotypes associated with different genotypes - highly susceptible cats that persistently excrete high levels of viral particles, and coronavirus-resistant cats. do not exclude.

Keywords: feline enteric coronavirus, faecal excretion patterns, polymerase chain reaction, genetic susceptibility, candidate immune-related genes, association study

Satoshi Kameshima, Yuya Kimura , Tomoyoshi Doki , Tomomi Takano , Chun-Ho Park , Naoyuki Itoh

• PMID: 32848107
• PMCID: PMC7653327
• DOI: 10.1292 / jvms.20-0049

Original article in National Library of Medicine, 27.8.2020

Abstract

A 3-month-old Scottish Fold cat with pleural fluid and a low albumin to globulin ratio (A / G ratio) was brought to our small animal hospital. Because feline coronavirus type I (FCoV) RNA was detected in pleural fluid, the cat was pre-diagnosed with an fusion form of feline infectious peritonitis (FIP). After administration of itraconazole and prednisolone, the A / G ratio increased and the pleural fluid almost disappeared. Fecal FCoV levels have temporarily decreased. However, the cat began to show neurological symptoms, and we eventually had to proceed to euthanasia due to the persistent epileptic condition after 38 days of treatment. In conclusion, itraconazole has been shown to be beneficial in the treatment of cats with FIP. However, further investigation of the possible role of itraconazole in the treatment of FIP is needed.

Keywords: feline infectious peritonitis; itraconazole; neurological manifestation; pleural fluid; feline coronavirus type I.

Note: On the Slovak or Czech market, itraconazole contains, for example, drugs called Conisor, Sporanox, Procanazole. They are usually used to treat fungal infections, e.g. nails.

You can get an idea of dosing in cats in A clinical study on the use of itraconazole in the treatment of FCoV.

Original article published on the portal National Center for Biotechnology Information
13.10.2013

Abstract

Ascitic feline coronavirus (FCoV) RNA was examined in 854 cats suspected of having feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) by RT-PCR. Positivity was significantly higher in purebreds (62.2%) than in hybrids (34.8%) (P <0.0001). Among purebred breeds, the positives of the Norwegian Forest Cat (92.3%) and the Scottish Fold cat (77.6%) were significantly higher than the average of purebred breeds (P = 0.0274 and 0.0251, respectively). Positivity was significantly higher in males (51.5%) than in cats (35.7%) (P <0.0001), whereas the prevalence of anti-FCoV antibodies generally showed no gender difference, suggesting that FIP in males infected with FCoV is more common, so males are more likely to break FIP. Genotyping was performed on 377 gene positive samples. Type I (83.3%) was detected much more frequently than type II (10.6%) (P <0.0001), similar to previous serological and genetic surveys.

See for more information original article. Among other things, it is mentioned that the incidence of FIP shows seasonal changes, and most often occurs in the autumn and winter months, while in summer the incidence is significantly lower.